环形通道内液态铅铋合金流动换热特性实验研究

通过对环形通道内液态铅铋合金的流动换热特性进行实验研究，得到了气泡泵注气对液态金属流动的影响，并拟合出环形通道内液态铅铋合金的摩擦系数关系式和换热特性关系式。结果表明：采用气泡泵注气能有效提升铅铋合金的质量流速；相同Reynolds数下环形通道内液态铅铋合金的摩擦系数大于由布拉休斯公式计算得到的摩擦系数；液态铅铋合金对流换热过程中，导热项占主导地位，并且Nusselt数随Peclet数的增大而增大。     

Panorama of boron nitride nanostructures via lamp ablation

A diverse range of remarkable boron nitride (BN) nanostructures subsuming nano-horns, nano-rods, nano-platelets, and clusters of hollow nanospheres (nano-onions, arguably of greatest applied and fundamental interest) have been produced exclusively from crystalline BN precursor powder via lamp ablation. The procedure is safe, devoid of toxic reagents, simple, rapid and scalable—generating some genres of nanoparticles that had previously proved elusive. Product structure and composition were unambiguously assessed by high-resolution transmission electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and electron energy loss spectroscopy.

     

羧基含氟聚合物纳米纤维膜的制备及对铜(II)的吸附性能

以甲基丙烯酸十二氟庚酯(DFHMA)和甲基丙烯酸(MAA)为单体,通过溶液聚合法制备出共聚物DFHMA-co-MAA,将DFHMA-co-MAA与聚偏氟乙烯(PVDF)按一定质量共混,采用静电纺丝方法,制备出羧基含氟聚合物(PVDF-DM)纳米纤维膜,用以吸附溶液中Cu(II)。讨论了PVDF和DFHMA-co-MAA的质量配比对纤维微观形貌和对Cu(II)吸附性能的影响,得出当PVDF与DFHMA-co-MAA的质量比为1∶2时,纤维的微观直径较均一且吸附性能最佳,故实验采用该质量配比制备PVDF-DM。使用红外光谱对PVDF-DM进行表征,显示出PVDF-DM纤维膜中含有—OH和C＝O等活性吸附基团。以PVDF-DM纳米纤维膜为吸附剂,探讨了吸附剂用量、吸附pH值和吸附时间对Cu(II)吸附性能的影响,并研究了吸附过程的动力学模型。结果表明,室温下,当吸附剂用量为0.03g,pH=5时,吸附60min达到吸附平衡,吸附率和吸附量分别为94.37%和62.91mg/g,PVDF-DM纳米纤维膜对Cu(II)的吸附过程同时满足拟一级动力学和拟二级动力学模型,说明该吸附过程包含了化学吸附和物理吸附。PVDF-DM纳米纤维膜循环使用5次后,吸附能力仅降低16.23%,说明PVDF-DM纳米纤维膜具有很好的再生使用能力。     

基于概要数据结构的全网络持续流检测方法

持续流是隐蔽的网络攻击过程中显现的一种重要特征，它不产生大量流量且在较长周期内有规律地发生，给传统的检测方法带来极大挑战。针对网络攻击的隐蔽性、单监测点的重负荷和信息有限的问题，提出全网络持续流检测方法。首先，设计一种概要数据结构，并将其部署在每个监测点；其次，当网络流到达监测点时，提取流的概要信息并更新概要数据结构的一位；然后，在测量周期结束时，主监测点将来自其他监测点的概要信息进行综合；最后，提出流持续性的近似估计，通过一些简单计算为每个流构建一个位向量，利用概率统计方法估计流持续性，使用修正后的持续性估计检测持续流。通过真实的网络流量进行实验，结果表明，与长持续时间流检测算法（TLF）相比，所提方法的准确性提高了50%，误报率和漏报率分别降低了22%和20%，说明全网络持续流检测方法能够有效监测高速网络流量。     

移动边缘计算环境下的动态资源分配策略

在通讯设备爆炸式增长的时代,移动边缘计算作为5G通讯技术的核心技术之一,对其进行合理的资源分配显得尤为重要。移动边缘计算的思想是把云计算中心下沉到基站部署(边缘云),使云计算中心更加靠近用户,以快速解决计算资源分配问题。但是,相对于大型的云计算中心,边缘云的计算资源有限,传统的虚拟机分配方式不足以灵活应对边缘云的计算资源分配问题。为解决此问题,提出一种根据用户综合需求变化的动态计算资源和频谱分配算法(DRFAA),采用"分治"策略,并将资源模拟成"流体"资源进行分配,以寻求较大的吞吐量和较低的传输时延。实验仿真结果显示,动态计算资源和频谱分配算法可以有效地降低用户与边缘云之间的传输时延,也可以提高边缘云的吞吐量。     

A Method of Applying Flight Data to Evaluate Landing Operation Performance

Abstract

Pilots’ operation has an important effect on flight safety and performance, particularly in the final landing stage when pilots need to deal with complicated operations. This study aims to determine the potential value of flight data and develop a method of evaluating a pilot’s performance during landing phase based on flight quick access recorder (QAR) data from the perspective of risk assessment. First, a Landing Operation Performance Evaluation Model was developed based on risk evaluation principles. Three landing parameters, which are touchdown distance, touchdown vertical acceleration and touchdown pitch angle, were selected as indicators to evaluate the pilots’ landing operation performance in this model. Second, the flight landing operation performance evaluation system (FLOPES) was set up based on the evaluation model. Test results showed that FLOPES can accomplish all calculation flow of operation performance evaluation. Finally, it concluded that this method is a more accurate and effective way for evaluating the landing operation performance of a flight. It could be as a practical tool for airlines to manage landing risk quantitatively and to provide a more practical support for improving training and design in aviation.Practitioner summary: This study aims to determine the potential value of flight data and to develop a method of evaluating pilot’s landing operation performance from the risk evaluation perspective. Test results showed that this method is effective and could be as a practical tool for airlines to manage landing risk and improve training.Abbreviations:QAR: Quick Access Recorder; FLOPES: Flight Landing Operation Performance Evaluation System; ICAO: International Civil Aviation Organization; IATA: International Air Transport Association; SMS: Safety Management System; CAAC: Civil Aviation Administration of China; FOQA: Flight Operations Quality Assurance; VBA: Visual Basic for Applications